They use the enzymes that are attached to the membrane of the cells to produce ATP.
Heterotrophic prokaryotes – They consume organic materials as a source of energy. On the other hand, chemosynthetic prokaryotes use the process of chemosynthesis to get energy from the oxidation of inorganic matters. Photosynthetic prokaryotes rely on chlorophyll to make their own food through the process called photosynthesis. They obtain energy through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. Autotrophic prokaryotes – They make their own food. There are two categories: autotrophic and heterotrophic. To understand how prokaryotes get their energy, we need to first know the categories of prokaryotes. (1, 2, 3, 4)īacteria such as Escherichia coli bacterium and Streptococcus bacteriumĪrchaea such as Sulfolobus acidocaldarius archeobacterium (4) How do prokaryotes get their energy? They have a high surface-area-to-volume ratio. They are typically between 0.1 and 5 micrometers long. They have other important cellular structures like ribosomes and cytoplasm. They contain both the genetic materials DNA and RNA. (1, 2) The characteristics of prokaryotic cells Aside from the nucleus, prokaryotic cells contain all structures that can be found in eukaryotic cells. They have a nucleoid region, an irregularly shaped region that has the DNA of the cell. They are cells that don’t have a true nucleus and are unicellular (single-celled organism). 
Image 1: An example of a prokaryotic cell. In this article, we are going to know more about these two categories and take a look at their similarities and differences.
They are the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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